Thiol over here on the right, we have an SH here, then So a thiol is similar to anĪlcohol, instead of an OH though we have an SH, so we have So diethyl ether is the most famous ether. So here's our oxygen and here's an R group and here's an R group. For the example on the right we have R groups that happen to be the same. So these R groups couldīe the same R groups or they could be different R groups. So I'm sorry for the bad jokeīut if it helps you remember that you have an R group onĮither side of your oxygen, it's worth putting in aīad joke into this video. So an ether has an oxygen, with an R group on either side. So we have two carbons in this molecule, and we know two carbons is "eth". OH or a hydroxyl group, and then we have a CH2 and a CH3. So an alcohol has an OH, an OH right here and an R for the rest of the molecule. So one possible name for this molecule would be ethyl chloride. For the example on the right, let me get a little more room down here, We have our halogen, so X could be a halogen Halide refers to halogen, so over here on the right It contains an areneįunctional group and so toluene would react in similar ways to benzene. That's not the name you would usually see, normally you will hear this And then we have a methyl group coming off of our benzene ring. So let's write out that, so benzene's a very famous organic chemistry molecule. So on the right here'sĪn example of an arene, or an aromatic ring, and this right here, this portion of the Actually arenes react inĭifferent ways from alkenes and that's why this is a Now just because it says double bonds, this doesn't mean it's Single-double bonds, so a total of three double bonds.
You're looking for a six-carbon ring, and you have alternating Next we're looking at an arene, also called an aromatic ring,Īnd you're looking for this. So we could write 2-butyneįor the IUPAC name. And our triple-bond starts at carbon two, so here is where our triple-bond starts. So four carbons, so we would use "but", and we have a "y-n-e"Įnding for an alkyne. Portion of the molecule, this bond angle, is linear. So when you're drawing an alkyne we know that this is linear, this We can call this carbon one, this is carbon two, carbon three, and carbon four. So this times it's aĬarbon-carbon triple bond. Our next example of aįunctional group is an alkyne. Grouping functional groups, of identifying functional They have predictable chemical behaviors. So they both contain anĪlkene functional group, and therefore both these molecules will undergo the same types of reactions. This has a carbon-carbon double bond and so does this molecule. If we put in a doubleīond now it's cyclohexene. If we drew out a ring like this, we already know this Let's look at anotherĮxample of an alkene. Our double bond starts at carbon one, so we put a one in front hereĪnd we call this 1-butene.
Have a number two right here, and a number three for this carbon, and a number four for this carbon. Give this carbon right here a number one, and then we Molecule, we start with the double bond and we "a-n-e" and we're gonna add on "e-n-e", the ending for an alkene.
And since we have aįour-carbon alkene, we're gonna lose our ending here We already know we should call that butane, so this So how do we name this? Well if we had a four-carbonĪlkane, let me go ahead and write out a four-carbon alkane here. So over here on the right weĬan see that this molecule contains a carbon-carbon doubleīond so this is an alkene. R refers to the rest of the compound, or the remainder of the compound, and normally we're talkingĪbout carbons and hydrogens. An alkene has a carbon-carbonĭouble bond in it, so here is a carbon-carbon double bond. Of the more common ones, the ones you'd have to Group is a group of atoms that has a predictable chemical behavior.
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